3.14 Chromosomes
Recall that the nucleus of a cell contains chromosomes on which genes are located
Chromosomes are the genetic information within a cell. Within the nucleus a number of chromosomes would be found.
A chromosome is composed of a molecule DNA. This forms the shape known as the double helix.
Sections of the molecule are called Genes.
One chromosome will have thousands of genes carrying information for the construction of a protein.
Protein gives the characteristic associated with the gene such as a blood group.
A gene controls the production of protein which then controls the characteristic.
Different organisms have different amounts of chromosomes (per cell) :
Cat - 38
Chicken - 78
Chimpanzee - 42
Humans - 46
Chromosomes operate in pairs known as homologous pairs
The homologous nature is based on the length of a chromosome
How many homologous pairs are there in a human?
How many homologous pairs are there in a human?
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